A spectral model generalising the surface perturbations from leading edge erosion and its application in CFD

Abstract Blade leading edge erosion (LEE) is a major cost driver in the wind energy sector. LEE caused by environmental conditions under which blades operate. The impact of airborne particles striking determines speed erosion, thus severity grows towards blade tip and with turbine’s speed. Currently there no established method for assessing aerodynamic LEE, either numerically or experimentally lack topological data its stochastic nature. Whilst previous studies investigated specific realisations real-world erosion—modelling roughness, gouges, pinholes etc.—we propose novel, reproducible representation based on superposition waves different frequencies directions propagation. Using lidar surface scans LE exposed to rain test, we demonstrate possibility representing perturbations from simple spectrum, thereby allowing mathematical eroded surfaces. Furthermore, how spectral model simplifies analysis LEE-affected aerofoils CFD. Our study encompasses workflow test → scan perturbation numerical generation 2D CFD performance loss statistics.